What is " Possessive Nouns"?

= Posssesive Nouns are formed with the use of an apostrophe.

They are formed by adding an apostrophe to a noun.
We add an apostrophe s ('s) to singular nouns and plural nouns not ending in "s".
We use only an apostrophe (') for plural nouns ending in 's'
Do we an apostrophe ('s) or an apostroper s ('s) with chair to show possession?
No, we don't.
The nouns chair is an inanimate object.
So we use of the with inanimate objects to show possession.
We use of the to show possession for an inanimate object.
However, there is an exception.
To show possession in nouns denoting time and quantity we always use the apostrophe (').
We say a day's work, in two hours' time, a dollar's worth, a 15 cent's stamp.
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Exercise :

1. The pen -- the nib
2. The sailors -- caps
3. The house -- the roof
4. Queen Elizabeth -- reign
5. Your parents -- address
6. Three tons -- weight
7. Today -- programme
8. The elephants -- tusks
9. The lorry -- the wheels
10. Mr Chan -- daughters

The Most Beautiful English

Chapter 2 : On Happiness

I have never been basically pessimistic, although I have appeared so to some readers.
I have taken life so seriously as to be disposed to optimism.
Pessimism is a waste of force ---- the penalty of one who doesn't know how to live.
Happiness is in action, and every power is intended for action.
I have always found that it's more painful to do nothing than something.
Of all the virtues, cheerfulness and enthusiasm are the most profitable.
Enthusiasm flourishes more often in adversity than it does in prosperity.
Contentment grows out of an inward wuperiority to our surroundings.
We fall into the mistake of supposing that to look forward must mean to look anxiously forward. It is just easy to look forward with hope as with sadness.
The source of nearly all the evil and unhappiness of this world is selfishness. We know it; but we still keep on being selfish.

Fame without happiness is but a sorry at best.

The Most Beautiful English

 

 Chapter 1 :   Put The Class Down

A lecturer was giving a lecture to his students on stress management.

He raised a glass of water and asked the audience. " How heavy do you think this glass of water is?"

The student answer ranged from 20g to 500g.

" It does not matter on the absolute weight. It depends on how long you hold it.

If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour,  I will have an ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, you will have to call an ambulance. It is the exact same weight, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes.

" If we carry our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will not be able to carry on, the burden becoming increasingly heavier."

" What you have to do is to put the glass down, rest for a while before holding it up again."

We have to put down the burden periodically. so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on.

So before you return home from work tonight, put the burden of work down. Don't carry it back home. You can pick it up tomorrow.

Whatever burdens you are having now you are having now on you shoulders, let it down for a moment if you can.

Life is short, enjoys it!!!

Must And Have To  ( + Had To )

Must is used to express an obligation to do something
Have to is used to show an action we are obliged to do. It can be used in the present, future and past tenses unlike must which has no past or future tense.
Note: has/ have to ( Simple Present ), shall/ will have to ( Simple Future) and had to ( Simple Past ).
However must shows a stronger obligation than have to.


Exercise

Put in " must ",  " must to ", " have to", " had to", " has to".

1. Food ___________ be left uncovered.

2. Danny ____________ clean up this mess before his parents return.

3. The padi ___________ be milled before it can be sold.

4. You __________ write a ' thank you' note to your aunt tonight.

5. The army __________ surrender because many of its soldiers were wounded.

6. _________ we obey all the rules?

7. She ___________ believe a torc because it will be dark soon.

8. We ______________ throw rubbish on the ground.

9. Chin Xiong ____________ stay in bed because he had a fever.

10.I _________ thank her for her kindness.

Possessive Adjectives And Pronouns

Possessive Adjectives are adjectives used to show possession.

A Possessive Pronoun takes the place of a Possessive Adjective + a noun

 What do the underlined words my  and its show?

They show possession, such words are called Possessive Adjectives .

They are used with the nouns brother and kennel,

Other Possessive Adjectives are your, his, her, our and their.

Exercise : 

1.  We met ________ friends at the library.

2. Mr and Mrs Richards are just getting into _______ car.

3. He told me it was ______ brother who lost the chess game, not him.

4. He has a loud voice. We can hear ________ voice several houses away.

5. The dog wagged ________ tail when it saw the bone.

Countable And Uncountable Nouns

Countable nouns are nouns which can be counted.
Children, books, birds and houses is countable nouns.
A, an, a few, many several, some, any, plenty of, a lot of and large number of are used with countable nouns.

Uncountable nouns are nouns which cannot be counted
We call rice, flour, water and ink is uncountable nouns.
A little, a great deal of, much, some, any plenty of, a lot of and a large number of are used with uncountable nouns.